Donaldson and Davis established the stewardship theory in 1989 and offered it as a normative substitute for the agency theory. Stewardship theory offers a non-economic foundation for describing the connection, unlike agency theory, which prioritises control and conflict (Sundaramuthy and Lewis 2003). According to the stewardship hypothesis, managers will take good care of the resources they are in charge of. It also asserts a direct link between employee happiness and an organization's ability to succeed. "Stewardship is the prudent practice of Allocation, management, and supervision of capital to produce long-term value for customers and beneficiaries, resulting in long-term gains for the economy, the environment, and society. Therefore, it is clear that stewardship must be seen from a long-term perspective in order to produce sustainable advantages for the stakeholders. According to the stewardship hypothesis, ownership just holds a firm trust rather than really owning it. A...
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